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Stored Procedures - SQL Server

 Stored Procedures

            Stored procedures are precompiled SQL statements that are stored in a database and can be called and executed by users or applications. They can be used to perform complex database operations, retrieve data, or modify data in a database. Stored procedures can improve performance and security by reducing network traffic and preventing SQL injection attacks.

To create a stored procedure in SQL Server, you can use the CREATE PROCEDURE statement. Here's an example:

CREATE PROCEDURE GetCustomers

AS

BEGIN

    SELECT * FROM Customers

END   

In this example, we're creating a stored procedure called GetCustomers that retrieves all the records from the Customers table. The AS keyword is used to separate the procedure definition from the procedure body. The BEGIN and END keywords define the procedure body, which contains the SQL code that will be executed when the stored procedure is called.

To execute the stored procedure, you can use the EXECUTE statement, like this:

EXECUTE GetCustomers

This statement will execute the GetCustomers stored procedure and return all the records from the Customers table.

Note that stored procedures can also accept parameters and return values. You can define input parameters using the @parameter_name data_type syntax, and you can define output parameters using the @parameter_name data_type OUTPUT syntax. Here's an example:

CREATE PROCEDURE GetCustomerByID

    @CustomerID int,

    @FirstName varchar(50) OUTPUT,

    @LastName varchar(50) OUTPUT

AS

BEGIN

    SELECT @FirstName = FirstName, @LastName = LastName

    FROM Customers

    WHERE CustomerID = @CustomerID

END

In this example, we're creating a stored procedure called GetCustomerByID that accepts an input parameter @CustomerID and two output parameters @FirstName and @LastName. The procedure retrieves the first and last name of the customer with the specified ID and assigns them to the output parameters. To execute this stored procedure, you can use the EXECUTE statement with parameters, like this:

           

DECLARE @FirstName varchar(50), @LastName varchar(50)

EXECUTE GetCustomerByID 1, @FirstName OUTPUT, @LastName OUTPUT

SELECT @FirstName, @LastName

 

This statement will execute the GetCustomerByID stored procedure with a parameter value of 1 and will assign the first and last name of the customer to the @FirstName and @LastName variables, which are then selected and displayed in the result set.

Note that you can also modify existing stored procedures using the ALTER PROCEDURE statement, or delete them using the DROP PROCEDURE statement. You can also view a list of stored procedures in a database using the sp_help system stored procedure.

Reference :

            https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/stored-procedures/create-a-stored-procedure?view=sql-server-ver16

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